The 21-year-old male patient complained of high fever, chills, severe malaise, myalgia, and gingival bleeding for 10 days. The patient presented pancytopenia and hepatosplenomegaly. We examined peripheral blood smear, bone marrow aspiration and
biopsy,
serologic tests for antibodies on cytomegalovirus (CMV), platelet and heterophil, and upper abdominal ultrasonography. There were pancytiopenia and peripheral lymphocytosis with atypical lymphocytes in the peripheral blood smear and histocytes
phagocytosing red blood cells in the bone marrow examination. The CMV-specific IgM antibody was positive. The antibodies for platelet and heterophil were absent.
We diagnosed as Infection-Associated Hemophagocytic Syndrome (IAHS) due to CMV for the patient. Therefore, we report a case of IAHS associated with CMV mononucleosis with a brief review of literature.
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